1、概(gai)述

城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)基礎設施(shi)建設是(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)乃至國(guo)家經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)根本性條件，是(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)各(ge)項(xiang)社會(hui)經(jing)濟(ji)活動的(de)(de)聯系(xi)紐帶。因此，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃是(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)綜合規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃的(de)(de)重要組成部(bu)分，是(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)路系(xi)統的(de)(de)基礎性工作。我(wo)國(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃經(jing)歷了改革開放時期的(de)(de)計劃經(jing)濟(ji)體制下(xia)的(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃、隨經(jing)濟(ji)高速發(fa)(fa)展而發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)當代交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃的(de)(de)興起(qi)。但是(shi)，我(wo)國(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃在各(ge)個不同的(de)(de)省市(shi)(shi)，仍顯露出一些大(da)大(da)小小的(de)(de)問題。近(jin)年來，軌道(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)有所起(qi)步，我(wo)們也(ye)一直提倡公交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)優先(xian)。隨著(zhu)三年大(da)變樣的(de)(de)進展，我(wo)們在一些城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)一些路道(dao)看到了公交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)車專屬車道(dao)。但我(wo)國(guo)的(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)設施(shi)容量的(de)(de)增(zeng)長速度遠遠趕不上交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)需求的(de)(de)增(zeng)長，且存在著(zhu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)設施(shi)落后，管理水平低下(xia)，交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)擁擠，空氣污(wu)染，交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)事(shi)故居高不下(xia)等問題。

2、城市發展(zhan)中交(jiao)通規劃的重(zhong)要性

城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)展中交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)規劃的一(yi)個重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的目標就(jiu)是把一(yi)個城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現有(you)(you)的城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)結構進行優化和升級(ji)。提(ti)高城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的可(ke)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)達(da)性，更(geng)方便人們的出(chu)行，進而為市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)民創(chuang)造一(yi)個更(geng)加舒適、便利(li)、安全的城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)環境。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的動脈(mo)系統，是城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)基礎設(she)施，在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)經濟生(sheng)(sheng)活中和社(she)會(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)活中具有(you)(you)特別重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的地位(wei)和作用。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)展離不開城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對于(yu)一(yi)個城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)展的重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性主要(yao)(yao)(yao)體現在以下幾(ji)個方面：

交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)是(shi)市(shi)(shi)人(ren)民政府引(yin)(yin)導和調控本城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要手段之一(yi)。首先(xian)(xian)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)引(yin)(yin)導城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)布局。交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)先(xian)(xian)于(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)而出現，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)是(shi)基(ji)于(yu)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)之上(shang)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因(yin)此，可(ke)以說一(yi)個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)結構布局以及(ji)形(xing)(xing)態(tai)都建(jian)立在一(yi)個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)基(ji)礎(chu)之上(shang)。但是(shi)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)是(shi)內部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)形(xing)(xing)態(tai)也(ye)(ye)影響著城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)狀況(kuang)。當(dang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)內部某一(yi)個(ge)區域交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)便利(li)(li)(li)(li)，附近的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)(di)價值(zhi)會增值(zhi)并形(xing)(xing)成新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)單元。此外，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)合理，那么這(zhe)個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)就可(ke)以避免城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)發(fa)展中出現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)攤大(da)(da)餅、郊區盲目擴張(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弊端(duan)。其(qi)次，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)引(yin)(yin)導城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)(di)開發(fa)。從交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角度來(lai)看，如果一(yi)個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)狀況(kuang)發(fa)達，這(zhe)個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)(di)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用形(xing)(xing)態(tai)會發(fa)生(sheng)變化。因(yin)此，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)會引(yin)(yin)導城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)(di)開發(fa)及(ji)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)。土(tu)地(di)(di)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)方(fang)(fang)(fang)案建(jian)立在交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)，但是(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)也(ye)(ye)不能(neng)忽視土(tu)地(di)(di)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用，應該與土(tu)地(di)(di)利(li)(li)(li)(li)用相協調。最后，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)引(yin)(yin)導城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)居民生(sheng)活方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)發(fa)達，道路交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)機動(dong)車化可(ke)以大(da)(da)幅度擴大(da)(da)市(shi)(shi)民的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活動(dong)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)。人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出行不再(zai)受局限于(yu)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)，加(jia)上(shang)人(ren)們生(sheng)活水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提高和時空(kong)(kong)觀念的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉變，出行不再(zai)受距離的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)局限，可(ke)以去(qu)更遠(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)進行購物，就業，休閑等活動(dong)，滿足了(le)人(ren)們多樣性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)。

交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)發(fa)展(zhan)是(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)基礎(chu)，交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)總(zong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)重要(yao)組成部分(fen)。城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)必(bi)須(xu)注(zhu)重交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)基礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)的(de)(de)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)基礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)的(de)(de)建設(she)是(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)基本條件，是(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)各項社會(hui)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)活動相互聯(lian)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)橋梁(liang)，支撐(cheng)著城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)空間的(de)(de)結構(gou)。城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)化是(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)綜合(he)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)重要(yao)組成部分(fen)，是(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)道路系(xi)(xi)統規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)基礎(chu)性工作(zuo)。城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)必(bi)須(xu)本著依據總(zong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，支持總(zong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，超前總(zong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和回(hui)歸總(zong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)主(zhu)題思想，同土地使用(yong)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和道路系(xi)(xi)統規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)以及景觀規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等密切結合(he)，相互協調，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)樣才能對城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)整體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)進行更好(hao)更完整的(de)(de)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。有研究結果顯(xian)示(shi)，從(cong)全國(guo)范圍(wei)來看，基礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)水平指(zhi)標和人均(jun)國(guo)民收入增長(chang)之間的(de)(de)關系(xi)(xi)中，相關系(xi)(xi)數最高的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)郵(you)電通(tong)(tong)(tong)訊。僅次于郵(you)電通(tong)(tong)(tong)訊之后的(de)(de)便是(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)運輸，相關系(xi)(xi)數數值(zhi)都大于0.9，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一點充分(fen)證(zheng)明了交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)運輸在區(qu)域(yu)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)中所起(qi)的(de)(de)關鍵(jian)作(zuo)用(yong)。因此，城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)想發(fa)展(zhan)，城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)總(zong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)不能離開城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。沒(mei)有交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)總(zong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)會(hui)如(ru)一盤(pan)散沙，只(zhi)有把城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一項任務(wu)做(zuo)好(hao)，并(bing)與城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)總(zong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)協調發(fa)展(zhan)，城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)才能談(tan)得上增長(chang)，談(tan)得上發(fa)展(zhan)。

城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)外界聯系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)交通(tong)(tong)網規(gui)劃能(neng)更好地(di)(di)(di)促進(jin)本(ben)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)。一(yi)(yi)個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)能(neng)孤零(ling)零(ling)地(di)(di)(di)得到發展(zhan)，它必須(xu)同周圍其他(ta)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)致國(guo)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相互(hu)作用(yong)才能(neng)取(qu)得更好的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對外交通(tong)(tong)與(yu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)內(nei)交通(tong)(tong)共(gong)同構成(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)交通(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有機網絡。所有的(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)都(dou)不(bu)是(shi)孤立，都(dou)是(shi)處在一(yi)(yi)個(ge)與(yu)其他(ta)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相互(hu)聯系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)網之(zhi)(zhi)中，而(er)聯系(xi)(xi)他(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)除(chu)了電腦網絡之(zhi)(zhi)外，就(jiu)是(shi)高度發達的(de)(de)(de)(de)交通(tong)(tong)運(yun)輸(shu)網。然而(er)，在我國(guo)仍然存在此(ci)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)弊端。一(yi)(yi)些(xie)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)，根本(ben)沒有相互(hu)通(tong)(tong)達的(de)(de)(de)(de)交通(tong)(tong)方式(shi)，只(zhi)能(neng)繞道而(er)行。這樣，使得通(tong)(tong)勤成(cheng)本(ben)大(da)大(da)增(zeng)加，也就(jiu)阻礙了城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)際(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)貿易、文(wen)化(hua)等方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)往來。因此(ci)，一(yi)(yi)個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)交通(tong)(tong)規(gui)劃不(bu)能(neng)簡單地(di)(di)(di)把眼光界定在本(ben)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)內(nei)，應(ying)該把如(ru)何(he)與(yu)其他(ta)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)更好地(di)(di)(di)溝通(tong)(tong)考慮進(jin)來，與(yu)外圍建立發達的(de)(de)(de)(de)交通(tong)(tong)運(yun)輸(shu)網絡，創城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)際(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)最便捷的(de)(de)(de)(de)交通(tong)(tong)，增(zeng)加彼此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)往來，提高物流(liu)效(xiao)率(lv)，承(cheng)載彼此(ci)經濟(ji)發展(zhan)，更好地(di)(di)(di)促進(jin)相關(guan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)經濟(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)。

3、對我國交(jiao)通規(gui)劃的(de)幾點(dian)建議

在(zai)過去的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)舊年(nian)代，我國一(yi)些(xie)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展落后制約著城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展進步。“九五”期間，一(yi)些(xie)大(da)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)普遍開始強(qiang)調交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)規(gui)劃(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)性，并加(jia)大(da)了對交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)投資力(li)(li)度(du)，大(da)力(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)展軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，使城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)狀況得到改善。在(zai)未來更長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間范圍內，我國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各級(ji)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)該(gai)繼續(xu)大(da)力(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)展以道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)(she)施的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改善和(he)新建(jian)(jian)，大(da)力(li)(li)解(jie)決(jue)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堵車問題。對此(ci)，有以下幾點建(jian)(jian)議：首先，限制個(ge)體車輛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)運(yun)輸量(liang)和(he)出行(xing)，北京的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)車限號出行(xing)以及(ji)一(yi)些(xie)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)購買汽(qi)車搖(yao)號雖然有其弊端，但也不(bu)失(shi)為(wei)解(jie)決(jue)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法;其次，僅(jin)僅(jin)限車是(shi)不(bu)夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)政府應(ying)(ying)(ying)該(gai)注重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)大(da)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)投入，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)網絡(luo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標準，改善公(gong)共(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管制系統等(deng)(deng);第(di)三，注重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)并扶持(chi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)展公(gong)共(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。完(wan)善現(xian)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)路線，增添新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有必(bi)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)路線，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)車運(yun)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效率，減少乘客的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)等(deng)(deng)待(dai)時間，提(ti)(ti)倡公(gong)共(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)優先的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理念。在(zai)保(bao)定高(gao)開區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)朝陽大(da)街，新建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)車專用(yong)(yong)車道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)不(bu)錯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法;第(di)四，突(tu)出發(fa)(fa)展城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)快速軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)綠色環(huan)保(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體系，符(fu)合我國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)(fa)展原則。軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)優化(hua)(hua)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)運(yun)輸結構的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)手(shou)段，大(da)中城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)該(gai)加(jia)快軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)劃(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，注重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)新技術，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地位和(he)作用(yong)(yong)。

4、結(jie)語

城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)真實地(di)反應(ying)了我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，同(tong)時是我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)問(wen)題逐漸累(lei)積(ji)和顯(xian)現(xian)的(de)過程。城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)是一個錯(cuo)綜復雜的(de)問(wen)題，必須從(cong)政策、體(ti)制、機構、管理、收費與價(jia)格、基礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)和投資等各個方(fang)面同(tong)時入手解決。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)和社會(hui)的(de)高速發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)使得社會(hui)對交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)的(de)需求急劇(ju)增(zeng)長，1978年(nian)(nian)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)客運量為(wei)132億人(ren)次，1994年(nian)(nian)為(wei)290億人(ren)次，2000年(nian)(nian)達(da)到341億人(ren)次。經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)與社會(hui)的(de)高速發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)既對我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)提出了新的(de)挑戰，也(ye)帶來了新的(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)機遇(yu)。依(yi)據城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)的(de)規劃(hua)、建(jian)(jian)設(she)及運行原(yuan)則，在廣泛借(jie)鑒和吸(xi)取外(wai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)先進經(jing)(jing)驗的(de)基礎(chu)上(shang)，建(jian)(jian)立并完(wan)善(shan)適合我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)情(qing)的(de)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)管理體(ti)制，可以最大限度地(di)滿足日益增(zeng)長的(de)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)需求。